ND 2- First Semester - Rain 25/26

Provides practical entrepreneurship skills for science laboratory technology graduates. Covers business plan development resource mobilisation marketing and management of science-based small enterprises.

Advances computer application skills for laboratory scientists. Covers spreadsheet data analysis presentation software database applications and use of specialised software for scientific data management.

Introduces differential and integral calculus for science laboratory technology. Covers limits differentiation integration techniques and their applications in solving scientific and laboratory problems.

Covers thermodynamics and electromagnetic principles for laboratory science. Includes laws of thermodynamics heat engines electromagnetic induction and their applications in scientific laboratory equipment.

Introduces electronics principles for science laboratory technology. Covers semiconductor devices basic circuits amplifiers digital electronics and the use of electronic instruments in laboratory practice.

Covers instrumental methods of chemical analysis and quality control. Includes spectroscopy chromatography electroanalytical methods and quality assurance procedures in scientific laboratory settings.

Advances inorganic chemistry concepts. Covers transition metal chemistry coordination compounds reaction mechanisms and characterisation techniques for inorganic compounds in laboratory practice.

Introduces principles of pathology and disease processes. Covers cellular injury inflammation tissue repair infection immunity and laboratory methods used in pathological investigations.

Covers identification classification and control of pests. Includes pest biology pest management strategies chemical and biological control methods and safety in pesticide handling and application.

Covers principles of microbiology and their laboratory applications. Includes microbial classification culture techniques sterilisation microbial metabolism and the role of microorganisms in health and disease.