HND 1- Second Semester - Rain 25/26

Covers research methodology for science laboratory technology. Includes research design literature review experimental methods data collection analysis and scientific report and project writing.

Covers advanced biological and chemical laboratory instruments. Includes electron microscopes mass spectrometers NMR instruments PCR machines and their operation calibration and maintenance.

Introduces biochemistry principles for chemistry laboratory technologists. Covers metabolism enzyme kinetics biochemical pathways and laboratory techniques used in biochemical analysis.

Advances analytical chemistry techniques. Covers instrumental methods of analysis including spectroscopy chromatography atomic absorption and their applications in quantitative chemical analysis.

Examines chemical processes in industrial settings. Covers raw material processing manufacturing of industrial chemicals water treatment petrochemicals and environmental considerations in industrial chemistry.

Advances physical chemistry with focus on chemical kinetics. Covers reaction rates rate laws reaction mechanisms catalysis and applications of kinetic principles in laboratory and industrial processes.

Covers the chemistry of polyfunctional organic compounds. Includes carbohydrates proteins lipids nucleic acids and their chemical properties reactions and significance in biological systems.